We develop a schedule delay model using advanced econometrics techniques, while computing the social cost of passenger delays, in order to propose an alternative to the method of defining such cost that is actually found in the literature. This study has been made possible by obtaining private revenue management and operational data directly from a main European legacy airline. Thanks to MNL models, we compute the arrival time preferences, for all groups of passengers, namely arriving or departing, and short or long stay passengers, and for every day of departure that we have collected in our dataset. Then, we compute the effect of the ex-post modification of the arrival...

Despite being considered a hard-to-abate sector, aviation's emissions will play an important role in long-term climate mitigation of transportation. The introduction of low-carbon energy carriers and the deployment of new aircraft in the current fleet are modeled as a technology-centered decarbonization policy, and supply constraints in targeted market segments are modeled as demand-side policy. Shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) are used to estimate the trend traffic demand and limit the sectoral consumption of electricity and biomass. Mitigation scenarios are formulated as optimization problems and three applications are demonstrated: single-policy optimization...

Ce papier présente une méthode pour l'estimation de caractéristiques d'une source diffuse à partir de mesures interférométriques dans le cadre de la tomographie SAR. La méthode proposée repose sur l'utilisation des moments centrés de la densité de réflectivité et n'utilise aucun modèle a priori. Les performances de la méthode sont discutées en fonction des paramètres du réseau d'antennes (résolution et ambigüité).

Human performance is of paramount importance in aircraft piloting. The ability to perform the required flying tasks under stressful conditions is critical. However, unexpected or threatening events have the potential to trigger a startle reflex, a phenomenon that can lead to cognitive incapacitation and potentially catastrophic accidents. Few studies have examined brain activity following a startle reflex, especially during a complex cognitive task. We conducted an experiment in which we induced a startle reflex using loud acoustic stimuli while participants were engaged in the Toulouse n-back task (engaging memory processes and mental calculation). During the task, brain...

La crise du COVID-19 a brutalement freiné le transport aérien, et à la sortie de cette crise, des doutes subsistaient quant à une reprise rapide du trafic. Quatre ans plus tard,le trafic aérien est en passe de retrouver, voire dépasser, les niveaux de 2019. Dans ce contexte de croissance, les aéroports doivent s’adapter pour accueillir un nombre croissant de passagers tout en garantissant leur sécurité et leur confort. Cependant, en France, il est très difficile d’agrandir les infrastructures aéroportuaires existantes. Dès lors, il devient impératif de trouver de nouvelles méthodes pour accroître la capacité de traitement des passagers, sans augmenter la surface des...

In the context of a very significant growth in their number, it is necessary to prevent incidents and accidents in the field of UAVs. In particular, it is urgent to protect them efficiently against attacks by third parties. The on-board ground communication links in particular represent vulnerable segments. In this respect, we can consider the "command and control" messages on the C2link of the same name, but also the sensitive messages of new applications such as RemoteID, which will allow remote identification. Generally speaking, these are so-called "surveillance" messages in the context of air transport and drones. One of the main objectives of this thesis will be to...

En apprentissage machine, la complexité des données (sample complexity) d’un algorithme représentele nombre d’instances de l’ensemble de données d’entraînement dont le modèle a besoinpour apprendre sa fonction cible correctement. Cependant, dériver des règles générales pourestimer la complexité des données d’un réseau neuronal reste encore aujourd’hui un problèmedifficile. Par conséquent, en pratique, les ensembles de données sont souvent volumineux pourgarantir une représentation suffisante des instances de chaque classe. Ce volume important dedonnées induit alors une consommation d’énergie et un temps d’entraînement élevés. Pour résoudreces problèmes, certaines...

Air traffic control (ATC) relies on both human operators and automation to ensure safety and efficiency. As air traffic grows, automation is increasingly adopted. However, fully automating airport ground operations, aircraft movement between parking areas and runways, remains unfeasible due to the unpredictability of ground traffic, including aircraft delays, sick passengers or weather disruptions. In this paper, we investigate strategies to support dynamic levels of automation, introducing interfaces that enhance supervision through a domain specific graphical language and explicit automation level representations. We also introduce automation-and human-generated cross...

<div><p>Routing in nanosatellites swarms presents distinct challenges, including variable node availability, constrained bandwidth, and dynamic topology. Strategies like delay-tolerant networking (DTN) can be advantageous, as they adapt to intermittent connectivity by storing and forwarding data when connections are established. Moreover, geographic routing protocols that exploit satellite positions can improve efficiency, while machine learning approaches may optimize routing decisions based on changing network conditions. What about hybrid approaches that may combine some of these methods? Basically, the crucial question is where to begin.</p><p>The primary challenge...