Longtemps l’apanage du domaine militaire, la navigation s’ouvre aujourd’hui au grand public et se décline en de nombreuses applications. Le développement de systèmes de positionnement fiables et robustes revêt un aspect stratégique notamment pour les applications critiques du point de vue sécurité (aviation civile). Cette thèse porte sur le GPS et les systèmes de navigation inertielle (INS) et explore deux axes de recherche conjoints pour améliorer les performances de navigation : – les techniques de couplage, qui mettent à profit la complémentarité de différents systèmes de positionnement. – le développement d’algorithmes plus robustes pour retrouver la trajectoire d’un...

The significant development of e-commerce and Internet marketplaces has provided numerous benefits to both retailers and customers. In addition, it has been a boon for delivery operators, allowing postal services to compensate at least in part revenue losses due to declining mail volumes. However, increasing concentration in e-commerce and the worry that market power may be extended into adjacent markets has turned into a major concern of policy makers and competition authorities. While many argue that traditional regulatory or competition policy may have to be amended within the context of platforms, there are so far few rigorous studies that can provide guidance.

Moving object analysis is a constantly growing field with numerous concrete applications in terms of traffic understanding, prediction and simulation. While many algorithms and analytic processes exist, there are still areas of investigation with novel trajectory analysis methods. As such, the geometric information analyses data with respect to its statistical distribution along extracted dimensions. This opens new ways of gaining a better understanding of large and complex trajectory data sets while providing flexible data manipulations. In this paper, we report our investigations with the development of an interactive methodology based on the geometric information...

This paper considers an e-commerce market wherein a vertically integrated marketplace competes downstream with a single retailer and upstream with an independent parcel delivery operator. Because of the information collected by the marketplace on customersíhabits and preferences, the integrated parcel delivery operator has lower delivery costs than its competitor. Products are di§erentiated according to the retailer and the parcel operator who delivers them. The representation of product di§erentiation is inspired by the Anderson, De Palma and Thisse (2002) discrete choice model. We study several scenarios each representing a speciÖc policy implemented to regulate the...

Maintaining large and aging applications in a software house, with heterogeneous technologies, is very challenging. Whereas it is mandatory to continuously enhance user experience and maintain a good quality of service, the real business usage can be difficult to know precisely. To reach this goal, our project is to discover business models from the analysis of "logs". In this paper, we report on existing studies about applying process mining techniques and on our own experience with large datasets generated from daily end-user activities within an existing public services software. Our experiments led us to identify an interesting combination of features making our data...

4D trajectory prediction is the core element of the future air transportation system. It aims to improve the operational ability and the predictability of air traffic. In this paper, a novel automated data-driven framework to deal with the prediction of Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) on the runway at the entry point of Terminal Manoeuvring Area (TMA) is introduced. The proposed framework mainly consists of data preprocessing and machine learning models. Firstly, the dataset is divided, analyzed, cleaned, and estimated. Then, the flights are clustered into partitions according to different runway-in-use (QFU). Several candidate machine learning models are trained and...

Recent technological advances in immersive devices open up many opportunities for users to visualize data in their environments. However, current interactive solutions fail at providing a convenient approach to manipulate such complex immersive visualizations. In this article, we present a new approach to interact in these environments, that we call On-Body Tangible interaction (OBT): using the body to physically support the manipulation of an input device. The use of the body to support the interaction allows the user to move in his environment and avoid the inherent fatigue of mid-air interactions. In this paper, we explore the use of a rolling device, which fits well...

Humans still play a key role in air traffic control but their performances limit the capacity of the airspace and are responsible for delays. At the tactical level, even though air traffic controllers (ATCO) are trained for years, their performances are limited. In this article, we first isolated the tactical horizontal deconfliction task and explained its mathematical complexity. We observed through a simple experiment conducted on trainee and experienced ATCOs its complexity on random traffic in a part-task trainer displaying two to five aircraft trajectories at the same altitude. We compared performances of trainee ATCOs with experienced ATCOs using two different...

Attentional tunneling, that is the inability to detect unexpected changes in the environment, has been shown to have critical consequences in air traffic control. The motivation of this study was to assess the design of a cognitive countermeasure dedicated to mitigate such failure of attention. The Red Alert cognitive countermeasure relies on a brief orange-red flash (300 ms) that masks the entire screen with a 15% opacity. Twenty-two air traffic controllers faced two demanding scenarios, with or without the cognitive countermeasure. The volunteers were not told about the Red Alert so as to assess the intuitiveness of the design without prior knowledge. Behavioral results...